One integral aspect of Nepalese society is the existence of the Hindu caste system, modeled after the ancient and orthodox Brahmanic system of the Indian plains. The caste system did not exist prior to the arrival of Indo-Aryans. Its establishment became the basis of the emergence of the feudalistic economic structure of Nepal: the high-caste Hindus began to appropriate lands-- particularly lowlands that were more easily accessible, more cultivatable, and more productive--including those belonging to the existing tribal people, and introduced the system of individual ownership. Even though the cultural and religious rigidity of the caste system slowly has been eroding, its introduction into Nepal was one of the most significant influences stemming from the migration of the Indo-Aryan people into the hills. The migrants from the north later were incorporated into the Hindu caste system, as defined by Indo-Aryan migrants, who quickly controlled the positions of power and authority. Tibetan migrants did not practice private ownership; their system was based on communal ownership.
No single, widely acceptable definition can be advanced for the caste system. Bishop and others, however, view caste as a multifaceted status hierarchy composed of all members of society, with each individual ranked within the broad, fourfold Hindu class (varna, or color) divisions, or within the fifth class of untouchables--outcastes and the socially polluted. The fourfold caste divisions are Brahman (priests and scholars), Kshatriya or Chhetri (rulers and warriors), Vaisya (or Vaisaya, merchants and traders), and Sudra (farmers, artisans, and laborers). These Pahari caste divisions based on the Hindu system are not strictly upheld by the Newars. They have their own caste hierarchy, which, they claim, is parallel in caste divisions to the Pahari Hindu system. In each system, each caste (jati) is ideally an endogamous group in which membership is both hereditary and permanent. The only way to change caste status is to undergo Sanskritization. Sanskritization can be achieved by migrating to a new area and by changing one's caste status and/or marrying across the caste line, which can lead to the upgrading or downgrading of caste, depending on the spouse's caste. However, given the rigidity of the caste system, intercaste marriage carries a social stigma, especially when it takes place between two castes at the extreme ends of the social spectrum.
Monday, May 30, 2011
social startification of Nepal
The smallest and least diverse of the three categories was the ruling elite, largely composed of high-caste, educated Paharis, namely different strata of Brahmans and Chhetris. At the zenith of this class was the monarch, whose authority was derived from the orthodox Hindu contention that the king was the reincarnation of Vishnu, whose assigned role in the Hindu trinity is protection. The monarch's authority was not based on electoral support.
The continued expansion of the bureaucracy was a direct response to a consistent increase in the educated population. Because of the lack of development, a large number of educated people failed to find gainful employment upon graduation. Because they constituted the most potent revolutionary force, and happened to be geographically concentrated in urban centers, the ruling class was almost compelled to absorb them into an already bloated bureaucracy in order to neutralize any sociopolitical disturbance they might cause.
In the 1980s, a significant number of college- and universityeducated people residing in Kathmandu Valley cities discovered a second employment outlet. Development consultant firms and associated services have emerged throughout Kathmandu. Because of the growing pressure on foreign donors to hire Nepalese consultants for development feasibility and evaluation projects, these firms were able to tap into the large pool of foreign aid money and have generated a significant number of jobs. This opportunity has allowed many of the more educated to attain middle clas
The continued expansion of the bureaucracy was a direct response to a consistent increase in the educated population. Because of the lack of development, a large number of educated people failed to find gainful employment upon graduation. Because they constituted the most potent revolutionary force, and happened to be geographically concentrated in urban centers, the ruling class was almost compelled to absorb them into an already bloated bureaucracy in order to neutralize any sociopolitical disturbance they might cause.
In the 1980s, a significant number of college- and universityeducated people residing in Kathmandu Valley cities discovered a second employment outlet. Development consultant firms and associated services have emerged throughout Kathmandu. Because of the growing pressure on foreign donors to hire Nepalese consultants for development feasibility and evaluation projects, these firms were able to tap into the large pool of foreign aid money and have generated a significant number of jobs. This opportunity has allowed many of the more educated to attain middle clas
Temple of Pashupatinath
Pashupatinath Temple is one of the biggest Hindu temples of Lord Shiva in the world located on the banks of the Bagmati River in the eastern part of Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. The temple served as the seat of the national deity, Lord Pashupatinath, until Nepal became a secular country, at least on a formal level. The temple is listed in UNESCO World Heritage Sites list.
Believers(mainly Hindus) in Pashupatinath are allowed to enter temple premises. Anyone not born in Nepal or India is considered a non-Hindu by the temple authorities. Non-Hindu visitors are allowed to have a look at the temple from the other bank of Bagmati river.
Pashupatinath Temple is the oldest Hindu temple in Kathmandu. It is regarded as the most scared among the temple of Lord Shiva.The temple is of Pagoda style of architecture. All the features of style is founded here like cubic construction, beautifully carved wooden rafters on which they rest(tundal). The two level roofs are of copper with gold covering. It has four main doors, all covered with silver sheets.This temple has a gold pinnacle(Gajur) which is a symbole of religious thought.
Sunday, May 29, 2011
ABOUT MY VILLAGE
My village lies in Ramechhap district, Salu VDC.It situated in highland and surrounded by hills and jungles.Most of the people of my village are farmers. My parents are also farmer. They have a lots of land and doing farming. The soil of my village is very fertile so people of there grow crops and vegetables according to the seasons.
Some of the people of my village are involved in other business. They do trade, business and services. My village is one of the developed area then other village. The roads are well built and vehicles run. There are many big and small houses.There is also electricity so people of the village can watch T.V. and listen musics. People also use alternative energy like solar panel. There is higher secondary school and bachelor level college in my village. There is also community health post, post office and police post. In the center of the village, there is small market where people can buy their necessary goods.
The village is small but beautiful. The people of the village are very simple but happy.
Some of the people of my village are involved in other business. They do trade, business and services. My village is one of the developed area then other village. The roads are well built and vehicles run. There are many big and small houses.There is also electricity so people of the village can watch T.V. and listen musics. People also use alternative energy like solar panel. There is higher secondary school and bachelor level college in my village. There is also community health post, post office and police post. In the center of the village, there is small market where people can buy their necessary goods.
The village is small but beautiful. The people of the village are very simple but happy.
Amar Singh Thapa
There were many heroes. They sacrificed their lives for the sake of Motherland. Amongst them Amar Singh Thapa was one.He showed his bravery and courage for the protection for his country.
He was born in 1808 BS in Gorkha the son of Bhim Singh Thapa and Umadevi Thapa.Bhim
singh Thapa was also a soldier of Gorkha. He was killed in the Palanchok war when King Prithvi Narayan Shah was unifying Nepal.After the death of Bhim Singh Thapa, Amar Singh Thapa was brought to the Palace and trained by King Prithvi Narayan Shah.
Amar Singh Thapa joined the army of Gorkha at the age of 17. When King Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked Kantipur, Amar Singh Thapa also got involved himself in that war and got the opportunity to show his bravery.King was very plesed with his bravery and gave him the post of Sardar. After this war he continuously got involved in the process of unifying Nepal.
Later on, he was given the title of Bada Kaji. Many of the small states of Nepal were unified under the strong leadership of Amar Singh Thapa. He died in 1873 BS.
He was born in 1808 BS in Gorkha the son of Bhim Singh Thapa and Umadevi Thapa.Bhim
singh Thapa was also a soldier of Gorkha. He was killed in the Palanchok war when King Prithvi Narayan Shah was unifying Nepal.After the death of Bhim Singh Thapa, Amar Singh Thapa was brought to the Palace and trained by King Prithvi Narayan Shah.
Amar Singh Thapa joined the army of Gorkha at the age of 17. When King Prithvi Narayan Shah attacked Kantipur, Amar Singh Thapa also got involved himself in that war and got the opportunity to show his bravery.King was very plesed with his bravery and gave him the post of Sardar. After this war he continuously got involved in the process of unifying Nepal.
Later on, he was given the title of Bada Kaji. Many of the small states of Nepal were unified under the strong leadership of Amar Singh Thapa. He died in 1873 BS.
Nepal
Nepal is a land lock country. It is situated in south Asia between two big countries i.e India and China. The country is famous for tourism. It has rich cultural heritage. People of different riligion, caste and origin respect each other. Social cohesion is very strong. They have different culture. In a single society many cultural differences can be found.
Nepal is mountainous country. The highest peak of the world is in Nepal which called Mount Everst. It is famous destination for adventure. Tourist can go for rafting, jungle safari, trekking , mountain climbing and mountain flight for entertainment.
Nepal has rich bio-diversity. Big animals like elephant, rhinosoures, tigers are inhabitated in Nepal. Its also home of many kinds of deers, beers, wild cats and dogs. It is also palce where different kinds of birds, many types of butterflies and various types of insects can be found in a small area.
Nepal is mountainous country. The highest peak of the world is in Nepal which called Mount Everst. It is famous destination for adventure. Tourist can go for rafting, jungle safari, trekking , mountain climbing and mountain flight for entertainment.
Nepal has rich bio-diversity. Big animals like elephant, rhinosoures, tigers are inhabitated in Nepal. Its also home of many kinds of deers, beers, wild cats and dogs. It is also palce where different kinds of birds, many types of butterflies and various types of insects can be found in a small area.
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